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Scarabaeoidea of Southern South America Links |
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Scarab Guide Links
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Classification |
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Aulacopalpus viridis Guérin-Méneville, 1838
Aulacopalpus viridis Guérin-Méneville 1838a:58. |
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Figure 18. Parameres in caudal view of
Aulacopalpus viridis. |
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Distribution of Aulacopalpus pygidialis, Aulacopalpus valdiviensis,
and Aulacopalpus viridis. |
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Description. Male (n=78): Length 11.7-16.3 mm. Width 6.5-8.9 mm. Color: dorsally
light to dark olive green, sometimes greenish-brown; venter brownish-yellow to
yellowish-brown. Head: Figure 5. Dorsal surface densely punctate, sparsely setose, punctures
moderately large; setae long, slender, tawny to cream-colored. Frontoclypeal suture
complete, weakly bisinuate. Labrum moderately produced medially with triangular tooth.
Maxillary palpus with terminal segment greatly enlarged, elongate (larger than antennal
club), with deep sulcus. Mentum with surface moderately setose, apex reflexed into oral
cavity. Antenna 9- or 10-segmented (segments 5 and 6 sometimes fused), club slightly
shorter that combined basal segments. Pronotum: midline with apical half weakly depressed.
Surface moderately to densely punctate with moderately-sized punctures; moderately
setose in apical third and along lateral edges; setae long, slender, tawny to creamcolored.
Scutellum: Shape parabolic: 1.3 times wider than long medially. Surface glabrous,
moderately punctate with moderately-sized punctures. Elytron: Surface glabrous,
longitudinal striae punctate, moderately impressed; punctures moderately-sized, separated
by 2-6 puncture widths; interval sparsely punctate with moderately-sized punctures.
Epipleuron with row of dense setae just ventral to bead medially, absent in apical and
basal 1/5. Pygidium: Width 2.1 times length medially. Surface sparsely punctate, sparsely
to moderately setose; punctures small; setae cream-colored. Venter: Thorax densely setose;
setae long, cream-colored. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequally large teeth in apical
half. Tarsal claws with modified claw slightly thickened when compared with other claw,
apex bifurcate. Tarsomere 5 without ventromedial tooth. Meso- and metatibia with apical spurs slender, acute. Mesotibial apex with 12-
13 spinules. Metatibial apex with 17-20 spinules. Parameres: Figure 18. Basally with
broad, medial furrow.
Female (n=20): Length 13.3-15.3 mm. Width 7.1-9.0 mm. As male except in the
following respects. Head: Maxillary palpus with terminal segment not enlarged or elongate
(smaller than antennal club). Legs: Tarsal claws with modified claw with ventral
tooth, not thickened when compared with other claw, apex not bifurcate. Meso- and metatibia with apical spurs broader, blunter. |
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Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from all other species in the genus
Aulacopalpus by the following combination of characters: antennal club not
elongated (length much shorter than head); male maxillary palpus with terminal
segment greatly elongated (length greater than antennal club length);
head, pronotum, and elytron light to dark olive green; all male tarsal claws
with modified claw slightly thickened when compared with other claw and
with apex bifurcate; all female tarsal claws with modified claw with ventral
tooth and not thickened when compared with other claw; and tarsomere 5
without ventromedial tooth; parameres basally without broad, medial furrow. |
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Distribution (see map). Santiago to Malleco, Chile.
Locality Data. Based on 98 specimens examined from AMNH, CASC,
CMNC, CNCI, FMNH, MGFT, MNNC, UMRM, USNM.
CHILE (98). ARAUCO (23): San Alfonso (above Caramávida). LINARES
(26): Linares. MALLECO (27): Angol, Collipulli, Mininco. MAULE (7): Tregualemu.
ÑUBLE (1): Chillán. SANTIAGO (7): El Canelo, Leyda. VALDIVIA
(1): Valdivia. NO DATA (2). |
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Temporal Data. April (2), May (2), June (1), August (2), September (24),
October (24) November (3), December (13). |
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Remarks. The males of A. viridis are easily separated from other species
of Aulacopalpus due to the greatly enlarged terminal segment of the maxillary
palpus. Two aspects of the original description by Guérin-Méneville (1838)
and redescriptions by Guérin-Méneville (1844) and Burmeister (1844) led to
confusion over the true identity of this species: 1) it was described as having
"simple, unequal tarsal claws," which is incorrect (the tarsal claws are split
in males and toothed in females); 2) the type locality for the species was listed
as Lima, Peru, which is also incorrect (the specimen[s] examined by Guérin-Méneville were probably collected in central Chile). Solier (1851) and Blanchard
(1851) both remarked that A. viridis was actually from Chile noting that
"entomologists frequently confuse insect collections originating from the two
regions (Peru and Chile) even though they are so different." The confusion
probably led Philippi and Philippi to describe Tribostethes virens (a synonym
of A. viridis) in 1864. Tribostethes virens was described using one female
specimen that has been lost or destroyed since it is not in the Museo Nacional
de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile. Philippi and Philippi (1864) described the
original type for T. virens as a female with a mainly greenish dorsal surface
and "maxillary palpus very large with the apical segment almost 1.5 times as
long as the other segments, with a deep furrow extending almost the whole
length of the segment." Ohaus (1905) commented, "I determined that Tribostethes
virens F. Philippi is synonymous with Aulacopalpus viridis; the description
of this species fits exactly with fresh specimens of the latter species."
After careful examination of the original description and many specimens, I
agree with Ohaus’s decision to synonymize T. virens with A. viridis, and I
selected an appropriate neotype for both names. |
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Literature cited.
Blanchard, C. E. 1851. Ordre des Coleoptera [pp. 129–240]. In: Muséum d'Histoire
Naturelle de Paris. Catalogue de la Collection Entomologique. Classe des Insectes.
vol. 1, part 2 (H. Milne-Edwards, C. E. Blanchard, and H. Lucus, editors). Gide
and Baudry, Paris.
Burmeister, H. 1844. Handbuch der Entomologie, vol. 4, part 1. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin.
586 pp.
Guérin-Méneville, F. E. 1838. Insectes du voyage de la Favorite. Magasin de Zoologie
8(9):1–80
Guérin-Méneville, F. E. 1844. Iconographie du Règne Animal de G. Cuvier, ou Représentation d'après Nature de L'une des Espèces les plus Remarquables et souvent
non encore Figurees, de Chaque Genre d’Animaux, vol. 3. J. B. Baillière, Paris.
576 pp.
Ohaus, F. 1905. Revision der amerikanischen Anoplognathiden (Coleoptera lamellicornia).
Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 66:120–167.
Philippi, R. A., and F. Philippi. 1864. Beschreibung einiger neuen Chilenischen Käfer.
Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 25:313–406.
Solier, A. J. J. 1851. Orden III. Coleopteros [pp. 5–285]. In: Historia Fisica y Politica
de Chile. Zoología, vol. 5 (C. Gay, editor). C. Gay, Paris. 564 pp. |
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Excerpt from:
Smith,
A. B. T. 2002. Revision of the South American Endemic genus Aulacopalpus Guérin-Ménville with phylogenetic and biogeographic
analyses of the subtribe Brachyisternina (Coleoptera: Ruteliinae:
Anoplognathini: Brachysternina). Coleopterists Bulletin 56: 379-437. |
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