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Scarabaeoidea of Southern South America Links |
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Scarab Guide Links
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Classification |
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Lichnia gallardoi Gutiérrez, 1943
Lichnia gallardoi Gutirrez 1943:151 (valid name).
Lichnia porteri Gutirrez 1943:152. |
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Fig. 9a. Caudal (i) and lateral (ii) views of parameres
of Lichnia gallardoi. |
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Map of central Chile showing distribution of
Lichnia gallardoi and L. limbata. |
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Description.
Male. Length 5.6-7.6 mm; width 3.5-4.7 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, venter, and
legs black; elytral disc testaceous, margin dark brown to black. Head: Surface punctate;
punctures small, dense, setose; setae long, moderately dense to dense, white. Clypeus with
surface flat, punctate; punctures small, dense, setose; setae short, half as long as clypeal
setae, dense, white or black; apex truncate. Labrum with surface punctate; punctures
small, dense, setose; setae short, half as long as clypeal setae, dense, white or black; apex
rounded with minute, recurved tooth at middle. Mandible on external surface with
moderately long, dense, black setae. Labial margins with moderately long, dense, black
setae. Eye canthus setose; setae long, dense, black. Antenna with pedicel setose, elongate,
segment 2 globular, 3-6 subequal in length, 7-9 lamellate; club small, subequal in length
to segments 3-6. Pronotum: Surface punctate; punctures small, moderately
dense, with long, moderately dense to dense, white setae. Anterior margin setose; setae
short, dense, yellow. Lateral margins slightly rounded, setose; setae long, dense, white.
Posterior margin setose; setae long, dense, white. Scutellum: Surface setose; setae long,
dense, white. Elytron: Surface depressed posteriorly, punctate; punctures small,
moderately dense medially, dense laterally; surface with both stout, black and slender,
white setae. Propygidium: Surface exposed, covered with long, dense, white setae; setae
overlaying basal 1/4 of pygidium, apices forming straight row. Pygidium: Surface slightly
convex, setose; setae long, dense, black. Venter: Thorax punctate; punctures small, dense,
with both black and white setae. Mes- and metepisternum setose; setae long, dense, white.
Abdominal segments densely setose on lateral margin, sparsely setose medially; setae
long, white. Terminal abdominal segment setose on apical half; setae long, dense, black.
Margin of apex sinuate. Legs: Surface setose; setae long, moderately dense, both black and
white. Protibia slender, with 3 outer teeth and 1 inner apical tooth. Parameres:
Fig. 9a.
Female. Females differ from males in the following respects: length 5.7-7.4 mm; width
3.6-4.9 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, venter, and legs reddish brown to black; elytral disc
testaceous to red, margin dark brown to black. Head: Clypeal apex weakly rounded,
without apical tooth. Pronotum: Lateral margin broadly rounded. Elytron: Surface not
depressed posteriorly. Propygidium: Surface setose; setae yellow to yellowish brown,
covering 1/3 of pygidium, not dense and not forming a straight row. Pygidium: Apex attenuate. Venter: Apex of terminal sternite of abdomen deeply emarginate. Legs: Protibia
expanded. |
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Diagnosis.
Lichnia gallardoi resembles Lichnia limbata. Males of L. gallardoi are easily
diagnosed by a shorter antennal club and the presence of a clypeal tooth (males of L. limbata have a longer antennal club and lack a clypeal tooth). The clypeal
tooth may be worn down and not visible in many specimens. When using male antennal
characters to distinguish L. gallardoi from L. limbata, it must first be determined that the
specimens are males by comparing the protibia, which is slender in males and
expanded along the entire length in females. Otherwise, males of L. gallardoi can
be mistaken for females of L. limbata because both have short antennae. On
average, both sexes of L. gallardoi are slightly larger than those of L. limbata. With the
exception of size, females of these two species are indistinguishable and must be identified
based on association with males and geographic location. The distribution of L. limbata is
Region V (Valparaíso) to Region VII (Maule), whereas L. gallardoi is found further north
in Region IV (Coquimbo) (see map). |
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Remarks.
Gutiérrez (1943) differentiated L. porteri from L. gallardoi based on characters such
as color of setae and bristles and size difference. After studying a larger series (248
specimens) than Gutiérrez had access to, I conclude that these characters represent
variation within a single species. Following Article 24.2 of the Code (International
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999), I, as first revisor, designate L. gallardoi as the valid name for the species because this name is most commonly used in collections
and it better promotes stability. Consequently, L. porteri is here designated as a junior
synonym of L. gallardoi. |
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Distribution.
Central Chile in Region IV (Coquimbo) (see map). |
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Locality data.
248 specimens were examined from ABTS, CASC, CMNC, CNCI, EMUS, FMNH,
JEBC, JMEC, LACM, MNHN, MNNC, UCCC, UMRM, USNM, VMDC.
CHILE. REGION IV (COQUIMBO) (199): Canela Baja (4), Condoriaco (2), Costa
Las Cardas (8), El Molle (4), El Tofo (1), Guanaqueros (1), Huentelauquén (2), Hurtado
(2), Illapel (48), La Serena (2), Limari (4), Los Hornitos (27), Los Mantos (1), Los Molles
(1), Mincha (21), Ovalle (2), Parque Nacional Fray Jorge (30), Puerto Oscuro (5),
Quebrada El Arrayan (2), Rio Limari (5), San Lorenzo (4), Socos (1), Tongoy (6), Vicuna
(1), no data (15). NO DATA (49). |
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Temporal data.
January (7), August (2), September (16), October (125), November (43), December
(6). |
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Excerpt from:
Hawkins, S. J. 2006. A revision of the Chilean tribe Lichniini Burmeister, 1844
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae). Zootoaxa 1266:1-63. |
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