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Scarabaeoidea of Southern South America Links |
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Scarab Guide Links
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Classification |
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Lichnia limbata Erichson, 1835
Lichnia limbata Erichson 1835: 270 (valid name).
Dasychaeta lateralis Erichson 1847: 104. (junior synonymy).
Lichnia immarginata Blanchard 1850: 52 (junior synonym).
Lichnia inmarginata Blanchard 1850 (lapsus calami,
Gutiérrez 1943: 149). |
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Lichnia limbata Erichson male.
Illustration by Dan Schmidt. |
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Fig. 9b. Caudal (i) and lateral (ii) views of parameres
of Lichnia limbata |
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Map of central Chile showing distribution of
Lichnia gallardoi and L. limbata. |
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Description.
Male. Length 4.5-6.0 mm; width 3.0-4.0 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, venter, and
legs black; elytral disc testaceous, margin dark brown to black. Head: Surface punctate;
punctures small, dense, setose; setae long, moderately dense to dense, white. Clypeus with
surface flat, punctate; punctures small, dense, setose; setae short, half as long as clypeal setae, dense, white or black; apex truncate. Labrum with surface punctate; punctures
small, dense, setose; setae short, half as long as clypeal setae, dense, white or black; apex
rounded without tooth. Clypeal apex slightly rounded. Labrum with surface punctate;
punctures small, dense, setose; setae short, half as long as clypeal setae, dense, white or
black. Mandible on external surface with moderately long, dense, black setae. Labial
margins with moderately long, dense, black setae. Eye canthus setose; setae long, dense,
black. Antenna with pedicel setose, elongate, segment 2 globular, 3-6 subequal in length,
7-9 lamellate; club slightly longer than segments 1-6. Pronotum: Surface
punctate; punctures small, moderately dense, with long, moderately dense to dense, white
setae. Anterior margin setose; setae short, dense, yellow. Lateral margins slightly rounded,
setose; setae long, dense, white. Posterior margin setose; setae long, dense, white.
Scutellum: Surface setose; setae long, moderately dense, white. Elytron: Surface depressed
posteriorly, punctate; punctures small, moderately dense medially, dense laterally, with
both stout, black and slender, white setae. Propygidium: Surface exposed, covered with
long, dense, white setae; setae overlaying basal 1/4 of pygidium, apices of setae forming
straight row. Pygidium: Surface slightly convex, setose; setae long, dense, black. Apex
rounded. Venter: Thorax punctate, punctures small, dense, with both black and white setae.
Mes- and metepisternum setose; setae long, dense, white. Abdomen with 7 segments
exposed, segments densely setose on lateral margin, sparsely setose medially; setae long,
white. Margin of apex sinuate. Terminal abdominal segment setose on apical half; setae
long, dense, black. Legs: Surface setose; setae long, moderately dense, both black and
white. Protibia slender, with 3 outer teeth and 1 inner apical tooth. Metatibia
expanded apically. Parameres: Fig. 9b.
Female. Females differ from males in the following respects: length 5.1-6.5 mm;
width 3.0-4.2 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, venter, and legs reddish brown to black;
elytral disc testaceous to red, margin dark brown to black. Head: Antennal club short,
subequal in length to segments 3-6. Pronotum: Lateral margin rounded. Elytron:
Surface not depressed posteriorly. Propygidium: Surface setose; setae yellow to yellowish
brown, covering 1/3 of pygidium, not dense and not forming straight row. Pygidium: Apex
attenuate. Venter: Apex of terminal sternite of abdomen deeply emarginate. Legs: Protibia
expanded (Fig. 3b). Metatibia subparallel, not expanded apically. |
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Diagnosis.
Lichnia limbata resembles L. gallardoi. However, L. limbata is distinguished
by a long antennal club and the absence of a clypeal tooth in males (the antennal
club is short and a clypeal tooth is present in males of L. gallardoi). In both sexes,
L. limbata is slightly smaller than L. gallardoi. Aside from size, females of these two
species are indistinguishable and must be identified based on association with males and
geographical location. The distribution of L. limbata is from Region V (Valparaíso) to
Region VII (Maule), whereas L. gallardoi is found further north in Region IV (Coquimbo)
(Fig. 10). |
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Remarks.
Most specimens of L. limbata have been collected in dry, sandy areas around
Valparaíso and Santiago, and the distributional records become fewer to the south. Many
specimens were collected using sweep nets on flowers, but some were caught in malaise
traps and pan traps.
Erichson (1847) stated that the original type of Dasychaeta lateralis was from Peru.
However, Erichson described a number of new beetle species in "The Fauna of Perú"
(1847) that were actually from central Chile (Jameson & Smith 2002, Smith 2003). This
was a common error at that time because of recent changes in political borders and
regional name changes. Because no specimens of any species of Lichniini have
subsequently been found in Peru, I believe that D. lateralis is one of the species that was
erroneously labeled. Erichson was likely observing a specimen of L. limbata Erichson
from central Chile. He perhaps classified the mislabeled specimen as a new genus because
of its locality despite the fact it resembled L. limbata. Erichson stated that the two species
are indistinguishable except for a shorter lobe on the mandibles and a shorter eye canthus
on D. lateralis. Because these characters are variable in L. limbata, I believe that D.
lateralis is conspecific with L. limbata, and I have placed the name in synonymy. No
specimens of D. lateralis are known, and according to accession records at ZMHB,
Erichson described the species solely from the holotype. Dr. Johannes Frisch and Joachim
Willers at the ZMHB have reported that the D. lateralis type specimen has been missing
since at least 1999, and I did not locate it in any of the other museums that I visited or from
which I borrowed specimens. For these reasons, I designate a neotype to stabilize the
nomenclature. |
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Distribution.
Central Chile from Region V (Valparaíso) to Region VII (Maule) (Fig. 10). |
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Locality data.
538 specimens were examined from ABTS, BMNH, CASC, CMNC, CNCI, EMUS,
FMNH, FSCA, INHS, JMEC, KSUC, LACM, LEMQ, MCZC, MNHN, MNNC, UCCC,
UMRM, USNM, VMDC, ZMHB, ZSMC.
CHILE. REGION V (VALPARAÍSO) (212): Algarrobo (15), Cuesta Chacabuco (41),
Cuesta El Melón (38), El Quisco (11), Las Chilcas (1), Limache (7), Llay-Llay (3), Llo-
Lleo (4), Palma de Ocoa (40), Penuelas (2), Quillota (7), Valparaíso (42), no data (1).
REGION METROPOLITANA DE SANTIAGO (195): Cajon del Maipo (1), Caleu (3),
Cuesta Barriga (5), Curacavi (1), El Noviciado (32), El Portezuelo (22), Fundo El
Manzano (1), La Africana (2), La Obra (4), Laguna Carén (6), Lampa (4), Leyda (8),
Maipu (1), Pudahuel (54), Quebrada de La Plata (1), Renca (10), San Bernardo (4),
Santiago (20), Tiltil (10), no data (6). REGION VI (O'HIGGINS) (15): El Arbol (7), El
Manzano (2), Pencahue (4), Las Nieves (1), Rancagua (1). REGION VII (MAULE) (19):
Curicó (1), Rio Cipreses (18). NO DATA (97). |
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Temporal data.
January (8), September (4), October (157), November (230), December (12). |
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Excerpt from:
Hawkins, S. J. 2006. A revision of the Chilean tribe Lichniini Burmeister, 1844
(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae). Zootoaxa 1266:1-63. |
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