1.
.
Mentum strongly expanded, covering bases of labial palpi. Body
usually flattened
.
Phileurini

1'.
.

Mentum narrow, not covering bases of labial palpi (Fig. 40, lower
figure). Body not flattened
.
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2(1).
.
.
Head and pronotum lacking tubercles, horns, carinae, or fovea. Claw with onychium bisetose. Male front claws in many species enlarged (larger than those in female). Tarsi cylindrical
.
.

Cyclocephalini

2'.
.
.
.

Head and/or pronotum (whether males or females) with
distinct tubercles, horns, carinae, or fovea. Claw with
onychium bisetose to multisetose. Male front claws enlarged or not. Tarsi cylindrical to triangular

.
.
.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3(2).
.
.
Posterior tarsal segments (especially first or second) triangularly
expanded. Combined length of foretibia and foretarsus similar in both sexes. Propygidium with or without stridulatory area
.
.

4
3'.
.
.
.
.
Posterior tarsal segments usually cylindrical, not triangularly
expanded (although basal segment with strong apical spine). Combined length of foretibia and foretarsus longer in males than in females (slightly less noticeable in Nearctic species). Propygidium usually without distinct stridulatory area

.
.
.

Dynastini
KEY

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4(3).
.
.
Elytra covered with dense tomentum (Spodistes, Lycomedes) or always irregularly punctate, not with distinct rows of punctures. Body slightly depressed
.
.
Agaocephalini

4'.
.
.

Elytra never with dense tomentum, punctures usually in distinct rows (except for some densely punctate Heterogomphus species)
.
.

5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 (4).
.
Apex of posterior tibia usually truncate or smooth (Figs. 41-45). Sexual dimorphism usually not well-pronounced
Pentodontini
KEY

5'.
.

Apex of posterior tibia usually strongly crenulate or with
distinct teeth (Figs. 46-50). Sexual dimorphism usually distinct
.
Oryctini