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Scarabaeoidea of Southern South America Links
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Keys and generic profile
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Scarab Guide Links
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Classification
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Scarabaeoidea
Scarabaeidae
Aphodiinae
Psammodiini
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Pleurophorus caesus (Panzer, 1796)
 
Pleurophorus caesus (Panzer).
Photo by Paul Skelley.
 
Pleurophorus caesus distributional records from southern South America.
 
 

Original combination: Scarabaeus caesus Panzer, 1796: 2.
Type locality: “Viennae.”

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  Synonyms: Aphodius angustus Philippi and Philippi, 1864: 316; type locality: “Chilenischen.” Ataenius rugiceps Dury, 1902: 153; type locality: “Cincinnati O.”
   
  Type specimens: Pleurophorus caesus type series not examined. Aphodius angustus neotype at MNNC labeled: “CHILE: Chacabuco / Colina / 10 November 2003 / J. Mondaca E.” (typeface), “APHODIUS / ANGUSTUS / PHILIPPI & PHILIPPI / NEOTYPE % / A.B.T.SMITH / P.E.SKELLEY” (handwritten and typeface on red paper), “Southern Neotropical Scarabs / database # AS2599050 / Pleurophorus caesus (Panzer, / 1796) / DET: P.E.SKELLEY 2005” (typeface). The location of the type series from Philippi and Philippi’s original type series is unknown. The type series was presumably deposited in the MNNC along with the type series of other species described in the same paper. For example, the type series of the Brachysternus Guérin-Méneville and Aulacopalpus Guérin-Méneville species described by Philippi and Philippi (1864) were all recently located in the MNNC (Jameson and Smith 2002, Smith 2002). However, no type specimens of Aphodius angustus could be found in the MNNC after numerous searches, nor were any located in the other collections from which we borrowed material. We can only conclude that the type series has been lost. The only type locality information given was that the type series was collected in Chile, so a specimen from Chile was selected as the neotype. Neotype here designated.
   
  Specimens examined: 47 specimens were examined from ABTS, FMNH, JMEC, MEUC, MNNC, PESC, TMSA, UCDS, UMCE, UNSM.
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  Distribution: CHILE (47). IV Región de Coquimbo (2): Camino La Serena (Ovalle); V Región de Valparaíso (1): Villa Alemana; Región Metropolitana (30): Apoquindo, Colina, Colina (Ruta 5 N, km 16.5), Curacaví (Lingues de Miraflores), El Ingenio, Las Condes (Quinchamali), Rinconada (Maipú), Santiago, Santiago
(El Canelo), Santiago (Ñuñoa), Santiago (Renca); VI Región de O’Higgins (3): Pelequén, San Vicente de Tagua; VII Región del Maule (6): Linares, Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles (Cauquenes), Talca (20 km S), Tonlemo; VIII Región del Bío-Bío (1): Río Biobío; No Data (4). This species was also recorded from Isla Juan Fernández, Chile by Schmidt (1931).

Outside the study area, this species has been recorded from the Nearctic and Neotropics; the Palaearctic; Africa (Löbl and Smetana 2006).
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  Temporal data: January (1), February (2), March (1), May (1), July (2), September (2), October (4), November (28), December (2).
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Diagnosis: Length 3 mm. See genus diagnosis. The elongate, parallel-sided body is unlike anything else from the study region.

   
  Remarks: Pleurophorus caesus has been introduced in to many part of the world and is considered cosmopolitan. In the New World, it occurs from Canada to Chile. This species was first reported in Chile by Philippi and Philippi (1864, as Aphodius angustus). The authorship of this species is often credited to Creutzer, but it was Panzer (1796) who first described the species and used the name (even though Panzer credited Creutzer with the name in his original description). Panzer’s description was his own so he should be the cited author of this name under Article 50.1 of the rules of zoological nomenclature.
   
  References:
Jameson, M.L. & Smith, A.B.T. (2002) Revision of the South American genus Brachysternus Guérin-Méneville (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini: Brachysternina). Coleopterists Bulletin, 56, 321–366.

Philippi, R.A. & Philippi, F.
(1864) Beschreibung einiger neuen Chilenischen Käfer. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 25, 313–406.

Smith, A.B.T. (2002) Revision of the southern South American endemic genus Aulacopalpus Guérin-Méneville with phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of the subtribe Brachysternina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini). Coleopterists Bulletin, 56(3), 379–437.
   
  Excerpt from:
Smith, A. B. T. and P. E. Skelley. 2007. A review of the Aphodiinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of southern South America. Zootaxa 1458: 1-80.
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Authors: Andrew Smith ( Canadian Museum of Nature) and
Paul Skelley (Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services).
This website is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.0342189.
Generated on: 12/NOV/07.....Last modified: 12/NOV/07

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